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The Fool or The Jester is one of the 78 cards in a Tarot deck; one of the 22 Trump cards that make up the Major Arcana. The Fool is unnumbered; sometimes represented as 0 (the first) or XXII (the last) Major Arcana in decks. It is used in divination as well as in game playing. ==Iconography== The Fool is titled ''Le Mat'' in the Tarot of Marseilles, and ''Il Matto'' in most Italian language tarot decks. These archaic words mean "the madman" or "the beggar", and may be related to the word for 'checkmate' in relation to the original use of tarot cards for gaming purposes.〔Talia Felix, "The Cartomancer's Key"〕 In the earliest Tarot decks, the Fool is usually depicted as a beggar or a vagabond. In the Visconti-Sforza tarot deck, the Fool wears ragged clothes and stockings without shoes, and carries a stick on his back. He has what appear to be feathers in his hair. His unruly beard and feathers may relate to the tradition of the woodwose or wild man. Another early Italian image that relates to the tradition is the first (and lowest) of the series of the so-called "Tarocchi of Mantegna". This series of prints containing images of social roles, allegorical figures, and classical deities begins with "''Misero''", a depiction of a beggar leaning on a staff.〔(Images from the ''Tarocchi de Mantegna'' ), accessed April 9, 2008.〕 A similar image is contained in the German ''Hofamterspiel''; there the fool (German: ''Narr'') is depicted as a barefoot man in robes, apparently with bells on his hood, playing a bagpipe.〔(''Hofämterspiel'' images ), accessed April 9, 2008.〕 The Tarot of Marseilles and related decks similarly depict a bearded person wearing what may be a jester's hat; he always carries a bundle of his belongings on a stick slung over his back. He appears to be getting chased away by an animal, either a dog or a cat. The animal has torn his pants.〔Bill Butler, ''Dictionary of the Tarot''. (Schocken, 1975; ISBN 0-8052-0559-4)〕 In the Rider-Waite Tarot deck and other esoteric decks made for cartomancy, the Fool is shown as a young man, walking unknowingly toward the brink of a precipice. In the Rider-Waite deck, he is also portrayed as having with him a small dog. The Fool holds a white rose (a symbol of freedom from baser desires) in one hand, and in the other a small bundle of possessions, representing untapped collective knowledge.〔Gray, E. (1960). ''The tarot revealed: A modern guide to reading the tarot cards''. New York, N.Y.: Bell Publishing Company.〕 In French suited tarot decks that do not use the traditional emblematic images of Italian suited decks for the suit of trumps, the Fool is typically made up as a jester or bard, reminiscent of the joker in a deck of playing cards. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「The Fool (Tarot card)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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